The Best Growing Conditions for Begonias

Begonias come in two main varieties -- fibrous rooted or tuberous rooted. Tuberous begonias produce summer-long flowers and thrive in partially shaded garden beds. Fibrous rooted begonias are grown for either their foliage or flowers, depending on the specific plant variety. Both types are tender perennials that thrive with the proper care.

Begonias thrive in rich, evenly moist soils. Working compost into the soil prior to planting or using a peat-rich potting soil in containers improves the soil for optimum begonia growth. Regular fertilization also helps improve the soil for healthy begonias. A balanced fertilizer, either soluble or slow-release, applied when plants are actively growing in the summer helps replenish the nutrients in the soil.

Most begonias need shade, as full sun can burn and damage the foliage. Outdoors, partially shaded areas that receive some morning sun work well for both beds and pots. Areas underneath shrubs and trees that receive all-day dappled sunlight also work well for begonias. Indoors, place pots in areas that receive bright, indirect sunlight, such as near a south-facing window.

Begonias are warm-weather plants that are killed by freezing temperatures. The optimum temperature for most begonias is around 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Outdoor plants must be brought inside in areas that experience winter freezing. Indoors, avoid placing the plants near air conditioner vents or drafty windows, as the cold air can damage the leaves.

Tuberous begonias are the type usually planted outside, though in warm climates fibrous rooted types may also be set in the garden bed. In areas with freezing winters, dig up the tubers and store them in a cool room until spring replanting. Warmer winter areas can also experience light winter frosts. These frosts are not enough to permanently damage the begonias if you mulch over them in fall. The mulch helps insulate the roots against brief periods of cold.